[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1127},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page-\u002Fjava":3,"pieces-java":1098,"autour-\u002Fjava":1112,"prerequis-\u002Fjava":1115,"plan-java":1116},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":1073,"extension":1074,"ligne":187,"meta":1075,"motsCles":1076,"navigation":345,"niveau":1085,"path":1086,"prerequis":1087,"ressources":1087,"seo":1088,"sources":1089,"stem":1096,"__hash__":1097},"docs\u002Fjava\u002Findex.md","Java",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":1063},"minimark",[9,13,18,83,92,96,182,292,298,302,472,478,482,528,537,541,685,701,705,778,784,788,935,941,945,1055,1059],[10,11,12],"p",{},"Ce mémo résume l'essentiel de Java 25, la version LTS actuelle. Chaque section renvoie au cours qui l'explique en détail.",[14,15,17],"h2",{"id":16},"commandes","Commandes",[19,20,21,34],"table",{},[22,23,24],"thead",{},[25,26,27,31],"tr",{},[28,29,30],"th",{},"Commande",[28,32,33],{},"Effet",[35,36,37,49,63,73],"tbody",{},[25,38,39,46],{},[40,41,42],"td",{},[43,44,45],"code",{},"java -version",[40,47,48],{},"Affiche la version du JDK installé.",[25,50,51,56],{},[40,52,53],{},[43,54,55],{},"javac Fichier.java",[40,57,58,59,62],{},"Compile en bytecode (",[43,60,61],{},"Fichier.class",").",[25,64,65,70],{},[40,66,67],{},[43,68,69],{},"java Fichier",[40,71,72],{},"Lance la classe compilée.",[25,74,75,80],{},[40,76,77],{},[43,78,79],{},"java Fichier.java",[40,81,82],{},"Compile en mémoire et lance un fichier unique.",[10,84,85,86,91],{},"Détails : ",[87,88,90],"a",{"href":89},"\u002Fjava\u002Fjvm-et-premier-programme","La JVM et ton premier programme",".",[14,93,95],{"id":94},"types-et-variables","Types et variables",[19,97,98,108],{},[22,99,100],{},[25,101,102,105],{},[28,103,104],{},"Type",[28,106,107],{},"Exemple",[35,109,110,122,134,146,158,170],{},[25,111,112,117],{},[40,113,114],{},[43,115,116],{},"int",[40,118,119],{},[43,120,121],{},"int minutes = 20;",[25,123,124,129],{},[40,125,126],{},[43,127,128],{},"long",[40,130,131],{},[43,132,133],{},"long grand = 5_000_000_000L;",[25,135,136,141],{},[40,137,138],{},[43,139,140],{},"double",[40,142,143],{},[43,144,145],{},"double prix = 3.5;",[25,147,148,153],{},[40,149,150],{},[43,151,152],{},"boolean",[40,154,155],{},[43,156,157],{},"boolean ok = true;",[25,159,160,165],{},[40,161,162],{},[43,163,164],{},"char",[40,166,167],{},[43,168,169],{},"char lettre = 'A';",[25,171,172,177],{},[40,173,174],{},[43,175,176],{},"String",[40,178,179],{},[43,180,181],{},"String nom = \"Crêpes\";",[183,184,189],"pre",{"className":185,"code":186,"language":187,"meta":188,"style":188},"language-java shiki shiki-themes github-light-default github-dark-default github-dark-default","var portions = 4;               \u002F\u002F type déduit\nfinal double TVA = 0.055;       \u002F\u002F constante\nString s = \"Plat %s\".formatted(nom);\nboolean egal = nom.equals(\"Crêpes\"); \u002F\u002F jamais == pour du texte\n","java","",[43,190,191,218,241,264],{"__ignoreMap":188},[192,193,196,200,204,207,211,214],"span",{"class":194,"line":195},"line",1,[192,197,199],{"class":198},"sOnC1","var",[192,201,203],{"class":202},"scfrF"," portions",[192,205,206],{"class":198}," =",[192,208,210],{"class":209},"s5iOY"," 4",[192,212,213],{"class":202},";               ",[192,215,217],{"class":216},"sd6ml","\u002F\u002F type déduit\n",[192,219,221,224,227,230,232,235,238],{"class":194,"line":220},2,[192,222,223],{"class":198},"final",[192,225,226],{"class":198}," double",[192,228,229],{"class":202}," TVA",[192,231,206],{"class":198},[192,233,234],{"class":209}," 0.055",[192,236,237],{"class":202},";       ",[192,239,240],{"class":216},"\u002F\u002F constante\n",[192,242,244,246,249,251,255,257,261],{"class":194,"line":243},3,[192,245,176],{"class":202},[192,247,248],{"class":202}," s",[192,250,206],{"class":198},[192,252,254],{"class":253},"shWOn"," \"Plat %s\"",[192,256,91],{"class":202},[192,258,260],{"class":259},"syCW7","formatted",[192,262,263],{"class":202},"(nom);\n",[192,265,267,269,272,274,277,280,283,286,289],{"class":194,"line":266},4,[192,268,152],{"class":198},[192,270,271],{"class":202}," egal",[192,273,206],{"class":198},[192,275,276],{"class":202}," nom.",[192,278,279],{"class":259},"equals",[192,281,282],{"class":202},"(",[192,284,285],{"class":253},"\"Crêpes\"",[192,287,288],{"class":202},"); ",[192,290,291],{"class":216},"\u002F\u002F jamais == pour du texte\n",[10,293,85,294,91],{},[87,295,297],{"href":296},"\u002Fjava\u002Fvariables-et-types","Variables, types et String",[14,299,301],{"id":300},"conditions-et-boucles","Conditions et boucles",[183,303,305],{"className":185,"code":304,"language":187,"meta":188,"style":188},"if (minutes \u003C= 30) { \u002F* ... *\u002F } else { \u002F* ... *\u002F }\n\nString menu = switch (jour) {\n    case \"samedi\", \"dimanche\" -> \"Brunch\";\n    default -> \"Plat du jour\";\n};\n\nfor (int i = 0; i \u003C 3; i++) { }\nwhile (portions \u003C 10) { portions *= 2; }\n",[43,306,307,341,347,362,385,398,404,409,446],{"__ignoreMap":188},[192,308,309,312,315,318,321,324,327,330,333,336,338],{"class":194,"line":195},[192,310,311],{"class":198},"if",[192,313,314],{"class":202}," (minutes ",[192,316,317],{"class":198},"\u003C=",[192,319,320],{"class":209}," 30",[192,322,323],{"class":202},") { ",[192,325,326],{"class":216},"\u002F* ... *\u002F",[192,328,329],{"class":202}," } ",[192,331,332],{"class":198},"else",[192,334,335],{"class":202}," { ",[192,337,326],{"class":216},[192,339,340],{"class":202}," }\n",[192,342,343],{"class":194,"line":220},[192,344,346],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":345},true,"\n",[192,348,349,351,354,356,359],{"class":194,"line":243},[192,350,176],{"class":202},[192,352,353],{"class":202}," menu",[192,355,206],{"class":198},[192,357,358],{"class":198}," switch",[192,360,361],{"class":202}," (jour) {\n",[192,363,364,367,370,373,376,379,382],{"class":194,"line":266},[192,365,366],{"class":198},"    case",[192,368,369],{"class":253}," \"samedi\"",[192,371,372],{"class":202},", ",[192,374,375],{"class":253},"\"dimanche\"",[192,377,378],{"class":198}," ->",[192,380,381],{"class":253}," \"Brunch\"",[192,383,384],{"class":202},";\n",[192,386,388,391,393,396],{"class":194,"line":387},5,[192,389,390],{"class":198},"    default",[192,392,378],{"class":198},[192,394,395],{"class":253}," \"Plat du jour\"",[192,397,384],{"class":202},[192,399,401],{"class":194,"line":400},6,[192,402,403],{"class":202},"};\n",[192,405,407],{"class":194,"line":406},7,[192,408,346],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":345},[192,410,412,415,418,420,423,425,428,431,434,437,440,443],{"class":194,"line":411},8,[192,413,414],{"class":198},"for",[192,416,417],{"class":202}," (",[192,419,116],{"class":198},[192,421,422],{"class":202}," i",[192,424,206],{"class":198},[192,426,427],{"class":209}," 0",[192,429,430],{"class":202},"; i ",[192,432,433],{"class":198},"\u003C",[192,435,436],{"class":209}," 3",[192,438,439],{"class":202},"; i",[192,441,442],{"class":198},"++",[192,444,445],{"class":202},") { }\n",[192,447,449,452,455,457,460,463,466,469],{"class":194,"line":448},9,[192,450,451],{"class":198},"while",[192,453,454],{"class":202}," (portions ",[192,456,433],{"class":198},[192,458,459],{"class":209}," 10",[192,461,462],{"class":202},") { portions ",[192,464,465],{"class":198},"*=",[192,467,468],{"class":209}," 2",[192,470,471],{"class":202},"; }\n",[10,473,85,474,91],{},[87,475,477],{"href":476},"\u002Fjava\u002Fconditions-boucles-methodes","Conditions, boucles et méthodes",[14,479,481],{"id":480},"méthodes","Méthodes",[183,483,485],{"className":185,"code":484,"language":187,"meta":188,"style":188},"static double prixParPortion(double total, int portions) {\n    return total \u002F portions;\n}\n",[43,486,487,509,523],{"__ignoreMap":188},[192,488,489,492,494,497,499,501,504,506],{"class":194,"line":195},[192,490,491],{"class":198},"static",[192,493,226],{"class":198},[192,495,496],{"class":259}," prixParPortion",[192,498,282],{"class":202},[192,500,140],{"class":198},[192,502,503],{"class":202}," total, ",[192,505,116],{"class":198},[192,507,508],{"class":202}," portions) {\n",[192,510,511,514,517,520],{"class":194,"line":220},[192,512,513],{"class":198},"    return",[192,515,516],{"class":202}," total ",[192,518,519],{"class":198},"\u002F",[192,521,522],{"class":202}," portions;\n",[192,524,525],{"class":194,"line":243},[192,526,527],{"class":202},"}\n",[10,529,530,531,534,535,91],{},"Le type ",[43,532,533],{},"void"," indique qu'aucune valeur n'est renvoyée. Deux méthodes de même nom peuvent coexister si leurs paramètres diffèrent (surcharge). Détails : ",[87,536,477],{"href":476},[14,538,540],{"id":539},"tableaux-classes-et-records","Tableaux, classes et records",[183,542,544],{"className":185,"code":543,"language":187,"meta":188,"style":188},"String[] ingredients = {\"farine\", \"oeufs\"};\nint taille = ingredients.length;\n\npublic class Recette {\n    private String nom;\n    public Recette(String nom) { this.nom = nom; }\n    public String getNom() { return nom; }\n}\n\npublic record Ingredient(String nom, double quantite) { }\n",[43,545,546,572,584,588,602,613,640,658,662,666],{"__ignoreMap":188},[192,547,548,550,554,557,559,562,565,567,570],{"class":194,"line":195},[192,549,176],{"class":198},[192,551,553],{"class":552},"sIXEE","[] ",[192,555,556],{"class":202},"ingredients",[192,558,206],{"class":198},[192,560,561],{"class":202}," {",[192,563,564],{"class":253},"\"farine\"",[192,566,372],{"class":202},[192,568,569],{"class":253},"\"oeufs\"",[192,571,403],{"class":202},[192,573,574,576,579,581],{"class":194,"line":220},[192,575,116],{"class":198},[192,577,578],{"class":202}," taille",[192,580,206],{"class":198},[192,582,583],{"class":202}," ingredients.length;\n",[192,585,586],{"class":194,"line":243},[192,587,346],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":345},[192,589,590,593,596,599],{"class":194,"line":266},[192,591,592],{"class":198},"public",[192,594,595],{"class":198}," class",[192,597,598],{"class":552}," Recette",[192,600,601],{"class":202}," {\n",[192,603,604,607,610],{"class":194,"line":387},[192,605,606],{"class":198},"    private",[192,608,609],{"class":202}," String",[192,611,612],{"class":202}," nom;\n",[192,614,615,618,620,623,626,628,631,634,637],{"class":194,"line":400},[192,616,617],{"class":198},"    public",[192,619,598],{"class":259},[192,621,622],{"class":202},"(String ",[192,624,625],{"class":552},"nom",[192,627,323],{"class":202},[192,629,630],{"class":209},"this",[192,632,633],{"class":202},".nom ",[192,635,636],{"class":198},"=",[192,638,639],{"class":202}," nom; }\n",[192,641,642,644,647,650,653,656],{"class":194,"line":406},[192,643,617],{"class":198},[192,645,646],{"class":202}," String ",[192,648,649],{"class":259},"getNom",[192,651,652],{"class":202},"() { ",[192,654,655],{"class":198},"return",[192,657,639],{"class":202},[192,659,660],{"class":194,"line":411},[192,661,527],{"class":202},[192,663,664],{"class":194,"line":448},[192,665,346],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":345},[192,667,669,671,674,677,680,682],{"class":194,"line":668},10,[192,670,592],{"class":198},[192,672,673],{"class":198}," record",[192,675,676],{"class":552}," Ingredient",[192,678,679],{"class":202},"(String nom, ",[192,681,140],{"class":198},[192,683,684],{"class":202}," quantite) { }\n",[10,686,687,688,372,691,693,694,697,698,91],{},"Un record génère le constructeur, les accesseurs ",[43,689,690],{},"nom()",[43,692,279],{}," et ",[43,695,696],{},"toString",". Détails : ",[87,699,540],{"href":700},"\u002Fjava\u002Ftableaux-classes-et-records",[14,702,704],{"id":703},"héritage-et-interfaces","Héritage et interfaces",[19,706,707,717],{},[22,708,709],{},[25,710,711,714],{},[28,712,713],{},"Mot-clé",[28,715,716],{},"Rôle",[35,718,719,729,739,749,759,769],{},[25,720,721,726],{},[40,722,723],{},[43,724,725],{},"extends",[40,727,728],{},"Hérite d'une seule classe mère.",[25,730,731,736],{},[40,732,733],{},[43,734,735],{},"implements",[40,737,738],{},"Respecte une ou plusieurs interfaces.",[25,740,741,746],{},[40,742,743],{},[43,744,745],{},"super(...)",[40,747,748],{},"Appelle le constructeur de la classe mère.",[25,750,751,756],{},[40,752,753],{},[43,754,755],{},"@Override",[40,757,758],{},"Marque une méthode redéfinie.",[25,760,761,766],{},[40,762,763],{},[43,764,765],{},"abstract",[40,767,768],{},"Classe non instanciable ou méthode sans corps.",[25,770,771,775],{},[40,772,773],{},[43,774,223],{},[40,776,777],{},"Interdit l'héritage (classe) ou la réaffectation (variable).",[10,779,85,780,91],{},[87,781,783],{"href":782},"\u002Fjava\u002Fheritage-et-interfaces","Héritage, interfaces et polymorphisme",[14,785,787],{"id":786},"collections","Collections",[183,789,791],{"className":185,"code":790,"language":187,"meta":188,"style":188},"List\u003CString> courses = new ArrayList\u003C>();\ncourses.add(\"farine\");\nList\u003CString> fixe = List.of(\"sel\", \"poivre\"); \u002F\u002F non modifiable\n\nMap\u003CString, Integer> duree = new HashMap\u003C>();\nduree.put(\"Crêpes\", 20);\nduree.getOrDefault(\"Pizza\", 0);\n",[43,792,793,816,831,867,871,897,916],{"__ignoreMap":188},[192,794,795,798,800,802,805,808,810,813],{"class":194,"line":195},[192,796,797],{"class":202},"List",[192,799,433],{"class":552},[192,801,176],{"class":198},[192,803,804],{"class":552},"> ",[192,806,807],{"class":202},"courses",[192,809,206],{"class":198},[192,811,812],{"class":198}," new",[192,814,815],{"class":202}," ArrayList\u003C>();\n",[192,817,818,821,824,826,828],{"class":194,"line":220},[192,819,820],{"class":202},"courses.",[192,822,823],{"class":259},"add",[192,825,282],{"class":202},[192,827,564],{"class":253},[192,829,830],{"class":202},");\n",[192,832,833,835,837,839,841,844,846,849,852,854,857,859,862,864],{"class":194,"line":243},[192,834,797],{"class":202},[192,836,433],{"class":552},[192,838,176],{"class":198},[192,840,804],{"class":552},[192,842,843],{"class":202},"fixe",[192,845,206],{"class":198},[192,847,848],{"class":202}," List.",[192,850,851],{"class":259},"of",[192,853,282],{"class":202},[192,855,856],{"class":253},"\"sel\"",[192,858,372],{"class":202},[192,860,861],{"class":253},"\"poivre\"",[192,863,288],{"class":202},[192,865,866],{"class":216},"\u002F\u002F non modifiable\n",[192,868,869],{"class":194,"line":266},[192,870,346],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":345},[192,872,873,876,878,880,882,885,887,890,892,894],{"class":194,"line":387},[192,874,875],{"class":202},"Map",[192,877,433],{"class":552},[192,879,176],{"class":198},[192,881,372],{"class":552},[192,883,884],{"class":198},"Integer",[192,886,804],{"class":552},[192,888,889],{"class":202},"duree",[192,891,206],{"class":198},[192,893,812],{"class":198},[192,895,896],{"class":202}," HashMap\u003C>();\n",[192,898,899,902,905,907,909,911,914],{"class":194,"line":400},[192,900,901],{"class":202},"duree.",[192,903,904],{"class":259},"put",[192,906,282],{"class":202},[192,908,285],{"class":253},[192,910,372],{"class":202},[192,912,913],{"class":209},"20",[192,915,830],{"class":202},[192,917,918,920,923,925,928,930,933],{"class":194,"line":406},[192,919,901],{"class":202},[192,921,922],{"class":259},"getOrDefault",[192,924,282],{"class":202},[192,926,927],{"class":253},"\"Pizza\"",[192,929,372],{"class":202},[192,931,932],{"class":209},"0",[192,934,830],{"class":202},[10,936,85,937,91],{},[87,938,940],{"href":939},"\u002Fjava\u002Fcollections-generiques-exceptions","Collections, génériques et exceptions",[14,942,944],{"id":943},"exceptions","Exceptions",[183,946,948],{"className":185,"code":947,"language":187,"meta":188,"style":188},"try {\n    int n = Integer.parseInt(texte);\n} catch (NumberFormatException e) {\n    System.out.println(\"Invalide\");\n} finally {\n    System.out.println(\"Toujours exécuté\");\n}\n\nthrow new IllegalArgumentException(\"message\");\n",[43,949,950,957,976,993,1008,1017,1030,1034,1038],{"__ignoreMap":188},[192,951,952,955],{"class":194,"line":195},[192,953,954],{"class":198},"try",[192,956,601],{"class":202},[192,958,959,962,965,967,970,973],{"class":194,"line":220},[192,960,961],{"class":198},"    int",[192,963,964],{"class":202}," n",[192,966,206],{"class":198},[192,968,969],{"class":202}," Integer.",[192,971,972],{"class":259},"parseInt",[192,974,975],{"class":202},"(texte);\n",[192,977,978,981,984,987,990],{"class":194,"line":243},[192,979,980],{"class":202},"} ",[192,982,983],{"class":198},"catch",[192,985,986],{"class":202}," (NumberFormatException ",[192,988,989],{"class":552},"e",[192,991,992],{"class":202},") {\n",[192,994,995,998,1001,1003,1006],{"class":194,"line":266},[192,996,997],{"class":202},"    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