[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1407},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page-\u002Fjs\u002Fconditions-et-boucles":3,"pieces-js":1364,"autour-\u002Fjs\u002Fconditions-et-boucles":1389,"prerequis-\u002Fjs\u002Fconditions-et-boucles":1394,"plan-js":1396},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":1335,"extension":1336,"ligne":75,"meta":1337,"motsCles":1338,"navigation":103,"niveau":1340,"path":1341,"prerequis":1342,"ressources":1344,"seo":1356,"sources":1357,"stem":1362,"__hash__":1363},"docs\u002Fjs\u002F02.conditions-et-boucles.md","Conditions et boucles",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":1322},"minimark",[9,14,49,53,70,192,254,273,277,286,368,375,481,485,492,576,587,591,616,686,689,691,697,808,819,823,833,904,910,914,923,984,987,1008,1012,1018,1082,1092,1159,1168,1172,1181,1245,1249,1318],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"ce-que-tu-vas-apprendre","Ce que tu vas apprendre",[15,16,17,21,37],"ul",{},[18,19,20],"li",{},"Comparer des valeurs et combiner des conditions.",[18,22,23,24,28,29,32,33,36],{},"Choisir une branche avec ",[25,26,27],"code",{},"if",", ",[25,30,31],{},"else"," et ",[25,34,35],{},"switch",".",[18,38,39,40,28,43,32,46,36],{},"Répéter une action avec ",[25,41,42],{},"for",[25,44,45],{},"while",[25,47,48],{},"for...of",[10,50,52],{"id":51},"comparer-des-valeurs","Comparer des valeurs",[54,55,56,57,61,62,65,66,69],"p",{},"Une ",[58,59,60],"strong",{},"condition"," est une expression dont le résultat est ",[25,63,64],{},"true"," ou ",[25,67,68],{},"false",". On l'obtient en comparant des valeurs.",[71,72,77],"pre",{"className":73,"code":74,"language":75,"meta":76,"style":76},"language-js shiki shiki-themes github-light-default github-dark-default github-dark-default","const temps = 25\n\nconsole.log(temps > 20)     \u002F\u002F true\nconsole.log(temps \u003C= 10)    \u002F\u002F false\nconsole.log(temps === 25)   \u002F\u002F true\nconsole.log(temps !== 30)   \u002F\u002F true\n","js","",[25,78,79,98,105,132,153,173],{"__ignoreMap":76},[80,81,84,88,92,95],"span",{"class":82,"line":83},"line",1,[80,85,87],{"class":86},"sOnC1","const",[80,89,91],{"class":90},"s5iOY"," temps",[80,93,94],{"class":86}," =",[80,96,97],{"class":90}," 25\n",[80,99,101],{"class":82,"line":100},2,[80,102,104],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":103},true,"\n",[80,106,108,112,116,119,122,125,128],{"class":82,"line":107},3,[80,109,111],{"class":110},"scfrF","console.",[80,113,115],{"class":114},"syCW7","log",[80,117,118],{"class":110},"(temps ",[80,120,121],{"class":86},">",[80,123,124],{"class":90}," 20",[80,126,127],{"class":110},")     ",[80,129,131],{"class":130},"sd6ml","\u002F\u002F true\n",[80,133,135,137,139,141,144,147,150],{"class":82,"line":134},4,[80,136,111],{"class":110},[80,138,115],{"class":114},[80,140,118],{"class":110},[80,142,143],{"class":86},"\u003C=",[80,145,146],{"class":90}," 10",[80,148,149],{"class":110},")    ",[80,151,152],{"class":130},"\u002F\u002F false\n",[80,154,156,158,160,162,165,168,171],{"class":82,"line":155},5,[80,157,111],{"class":110},[80,159,115],{"class":114},[80,161,118],{"class":110},[80,163,164],{"class":86},"===",[80,166,167],{"class":90}," 25",[80,169,170],{"class":110},")   ",[80,172,131],{"class":130},[80,174,176,178,180,182,185,188,190],{"class":82,"line":175},6,[80,177,111],{"class":110},[80,179,115],{"class":114},[80,181,118],{"class":110},[80,183,184],{"class":86},"!==",[80,186,187],{"class":90}," 30",[80,189,170],{"class":110},[80,191,131],{"class":130},[193,194,195,208],"table",{},[196,197,198],"thead",{},[199,200,201,205],"tr",{},[202,203,204],"th",{},"Opérateur",[202,206,207],{},"Sens",[209,210,211,221,230,242],"tbody",{},[199,212,213,218],{},[214,215,216],"td",{},[25,217,164],{},[214,219,220],{},"Égal (même valeur, même type).",[199,222,223,227],{},[214,224,225],{},[25,226,184],{},[214,228,229],{},"Différent.",[199,231,232,239],{},[214,233,234,32,236],{},[25,235,121],{},[25,237,238],{},"\u003C",[214,240,241],{},"Plus grand, plus petit.",[199,243,244,251],{},[214,245,246,32,249],{},[25,247,248],{},">=",[25,250,143],{},[214,252,253],{},"Plus grand ou égal, plus petit ou égal.",[255,256,257],"warning",{},[54,258,259,260,262,263,266,267,270,271,36],{},"Utilise toujours ",[25,261,164],{},", pas ",[25,264,265],{},"==",". Le double égal convertit les types avant de comparer, et ",[25,268,269],{},"0 == ''"," vaut ",[25,272,64],{},[10,274,276],{"id":275},"if-et-else","if et else",[54,278,279,280,282,283,285],{},"Le mot-clé ",[25,281,27],{}," exécute un bloc si la condition est vraie. ",[25,284,31],{}," donne l'alternative.",[71,287,289],{"className":73,"code":288,"language":75,"meta":76,"style":76},"const temperature = 190\n\nif (temperature >= 180) {\n  console.log('Le four est prêt')\n} else {\n  console.log('Attends encore')\n}\n",[25,290,291,303,307,322,339,349,362],{"__ignoreMap":76},[80,292,293,295,298,300],{"class":82,"line":83},[80,294,87],{"class":86},[80,296,297],{"class":90}," temperature",[80,299,94],{"class":86},[80,301,302],{"class":90}," 190\n",[80,304,305],{"class":82,"line":100},[80,306,104],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":103},[80,308,309,311,314,316,319],{"class":82,"line":107},[80,310,27],{"class":86},[80,312,313],{"class":110}," (temperature ",[80,315,248],{"class":86},[80,317,318],{"class":90}," 180",[80,320,321],{"class":110},") {\n",[80,323,324,327,329,332,336],{"class":82,"line":134},[80,325,326],{"class":110},"  console.",[80,328,115],{"class":114},[80,330,331],{"class":110},"(",[80,333,335],{"class":334},"shWOn","'Le four est prêt'",[80,337,338],{"class":110},")\n",[80,340,341,344,346],{"class":82,"line":155},[80,342,343],{"class":110},"} ",[80,345,31],{"class":86},[80,347,348],{"class":110}," {\n",[80,350,351,353,355,357,360],{"class":82,"line":175},[80,352,326],{"class":110},[80,354,115],{"class":114},[80,356,331],{"class":110},[80,358,359],{"class":334},"'Attends encore'",[80,361,338],{"class":110},[80,363,365],{"class":82,"line":364},7,[80,366,367],{"class":110},"}\n",[54,369,370,371,374],{},"Pour plusieurs cas, enchaîne avec ",[25,372,373],{},"else if",". Le premier test vrai l'emporte, les suivants sont ignorés.",[71,376,378],{"className":73,"code":377,"language":75,"meta":76,"style":76},"const minutes = 45\n\nif (minutes \u003C 15) {\n  console.log('Recette express')\n} else if (minutes \u003C 60) {\n  console.log('Recette du soir')\n} else {\n  console.log('Recette du dimanche')\n}\n",[25,379,380,392,396,410,423,441,454,462,476],{"__ignoreMap":76},[80,381,382,384,387,389],{"class":82,"line":83},[80,383,87],{"class":86},[80,385,386],{"class":90}," minutes",[80,388,94],{"class":86},[80,390,391],{"class":90}," 45\n",[80,393,394],{"class":82,"line":100},[80,395,104],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":103},[80,397,398,400,403,405,408],{"class":82,"line":107},[80,399,27],{"class":86},[80,401,402],{"class":110}," (minutes ",[80,404,238],{"class":86},[80,406,407],{"class":90}," 15",[80,409,321],{"class":110},[80,411,412,414,416,418,421],{"class":82,"line":134},[80,413,326],{"class":110},[80,415,115],{"class":114},[80,417,331],{"class":110},[80,419,420],{"class":334},"'Recette express'",[80,422,338],{"class":110},[80,424,425,427,429,432,434,436,439],{"class":82,"line":155},[80,426,343],{"class":110},[80,428,31],{"class":86},[80,430,431],{"class":86}," if",[80,433,402],{"class":110},[80,435,238],{"class":86},[80,437,438],{"class":90}," 60",[80,440,321],{"class":110},[80,442,443,445,447,449,452],{"class":82,"line":175},[80,444,326],{"class":110},[80,446,115],{"class":114},[80,448,331],{"class":110},[80,450,451],{"class":334},"'Recette du soir'",[80,453,338],{"class":110},[80,455,456,458,460],{"class":82,"line":364},[80,457,343],{"class":110},[80,459,31],{"class":86},[80,461,348],{"class":110},[80,463,465,467,469,471,474],{"class":82,"line":464},8,[80,466,326],{"class":110},[80,468,115],{"class":114},[80,470,331],{"class":110},[80,472,473],{"class":334},"'Recette du dimanche'",[80,475,338],{"class":110},[80,477,479],{"class":82,"line":478},9,[80,480,367],{"class":110},[10,482,484],{"id":483},"combiner-des-conditions","Combiner des conditions",[54,486,487,488,491],{},"Trois ",[58,489,490],{},"opérateurs logiques"," relient les conditions.",[71,493,495],{"className":73,"code":494,"language":75,"meta":76,"style":76},"const vegetarien = true\nconst sansGluten = false\n\nconsole.log(vegetarien && sansGluten)  \u002F\u002F false : les deux doivent être vrais\nconsole.log(vegetarien || sansGluten)  \u002F\u002F true : un seul suffit\nconsole.log(!vegetarien)               \u002F\u002F false : inverse la valeur\n",[25,496,497,509,521,525,543,559],{"__ignoreMap":76},[80,498,499,501,504,506],{"class":82,"line":83},[80,500,87],{"class":86},[80,502,503],{"class":90}," vegetarien",[80,505,94],{"class":86},[80,507,508],{"class":90}," true\n",[80,510,511,513,516,518],{"class":82,"line":100},[80,512,87],{"class":86},[80,514,515],{"class":90}," sansGluten",[80,517,94],{"class":86},[80,519,520],{"class":90}," false\n",[80,522,523],{"class":82,"line":107},[80,524,104],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":103},[80,526,527,529,531,534,537,540],{"class":82,"line":134},[80,528,111],{"class":110},[80,530,115],{"class":114},[80,532,533],{"class":110},"(vegetarien ",[80,535,536],{"class":86},"&&",[80,538,539],{"class":110}," sansGluten)  ",[80,541,542],{"class":130},"\u002F\u002F false : les deux doivent être vrais\n",[80,544,545,547,549,551,554,556],{"class":82,"line":155},[80,546,111],{"class":110},[80,548,115],{"class":114},[80,550,533],{"class":110},[80,552,553],{"class":86},"||",[80,555,539],{"class":110},[80,557,558],{"class":130},"\u002F\u002F true : un seul suffit\n",[80,560,561,563,565,567,570,573],{"class":82,"line":175},[80,562,111],{"class":110},[80,564,115],{"class":114},[80,566,331],{"class":110},[80,568,569],{"class":86},"!",[80,571,572],{"class":110},"vegetarien)               ",[80,574,575],{"class":130},"\u002F\u002F false : inverse la valeur\n",[54,577,578,580,581,583,584,586],{},[25,579,536],{}," veut dire « et », ",[25,582,553],{}," veut dire « ou », ",[25,585,569],{}," veut dire « non ».",[10,588,590],{"id":589},"valeurs-vraies-et-fausses","Valeurs vraies et fausses",[54,592,593,594,596,597,28,599,28,602,605,606,28,609,32,612,615],{},"Dans un ",[25,595,27],{},", JavaScript accepte toute valeur. Certaines comptent comme fausses : ",[25,598,68],{},[25,600,601],{},"0",[25,603,604],{},"''"," (texte vide), ",[25,607,608],{},"null",[25,610,611],{},"undefined",[25,613,614],{},"NaN",". Toutes les autres comptent comme vraies.",[71,617,619],{"className":73,"code":618,"language":75,"meta":76,"style":76},"const nom = ''\n\nif (nom) {\n  console.log('Bonjour ' + nom)\n} else {\n  console.log('Le nom est vide')\n}\n",[25,620,621,633,637,644,661,669,682],{"__ignoreMap":76},[80,622,623,625,628,630],{"class":82,"line":83},[80,624,87],{"class":86},[80,626,627],{"class":90}," nom",[80,629,94],{"class":86},[80,631,632],{"class":334}," ''\n",[80,634,635],{"class":82,"line":100},[80,636,104],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":103},[80,638,639,641],{"class":82,"line":107},[80,640,27],{"class":86},[80,642,643],{"class":110}," (nom) {\n",[80,645,646,648,650,652,655,658],{"class":82,"line":134},[80,647,326],{"class":110},[80,649,115],{"class":114},[80,651,331],{"class":110},[80,653,654],{"class":334},"'Bonjour '",[80,656,657],{"class":86}," +",[80,659,660],{"class":110}," nom)\n",[80,662,663,665,667],{"class":82,"line":155},[80,664,343],{"class":110},[80,666,31],{"class":86},[80,668,348],{"class":110},[80,670,671,673,675,677,680],{"class":82,"line":175},[80,672,326],{"class":110},[80,674,115],{"class":114},[80,676,331],{"class":110},[80,678,679],{"class":334},"'Le nom est vide'",[80,681,338],{"class":110},[80,683,684],{"class":82,"line":364},[80,685,367],{"class":110},[54,687,688],{},"Ce raccourci est pratique pour tester qu'un texte n'est pas vide.",[10,690,35],{"id":35},[54,692,693,694,696],{},"Quand tu compares une seule valeur à plusieurs cas, ",[25,695,35],{}," est plus lisible.",[71,698,700],{"className":73,"code":699,"language":75,"meta":76,"style":76},"const plat = 'dessert'\n\nswitch (plat) {\n  case 'entree':\n    console.log('Au début du repas')\n    break\n  case 'dessert':\n    console.log('À la fin du repas')\n    break\n  default:\n    console.log('Plat inconnu')\n}\n",[25,701,702,714,718,725,736,750,755,764,777,781,789,803],{"__ignoreMap":76},[80,703,704,706,709,711],{"class":82,"line":83},[80,705,87],{"class":86},[80,707,708],{"class":90}," plat",[80,710,94],{"class":86},[80,712,713],{"class":334}," 'dessert'\n",[80,715,716],{"class":82,"line":100},[80,717,104],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":103},[80,719,720,722],{"class":82,"line":107},[80,721,35],{"class":86},[80,723,724],{"class":110}," (plat) {\n",[80,726,727,730,733],{"class":82,"line":134},[80,728,729],{"class":86},"  case",[80,731,732],{"class":334}," 'entree'",[80,734,735],{"class":110},":\n",[80,737,738,741,743,745,748],{"class":82,"line":155},[80,739,740],{"class":110},"    console.",[80,742,115],{"class":114},[80,744,331],{"class":110},[80,746,747],{"class":334},"'Au début du repas'",[80,749,338],{"class":110},[80,751,752],{"class":82,"line":175},[80,753,754],{"class":86},"    break\n",[80,756,757,759,762],{"class":82,"line":364},[80,758,729],{"class":86},[80,760,761],{"class":334}," 'dessert'",[80,763,735],{"class":110},[80,765,766,768,770,772,775],{"class":82,"line":464},[80,767,740],{"class":110},[80,769,115],{"class":114},[80,771,331],{"class":110},[80,773,774],{"class":334},"'À la fin du repas'",[80,776,338],{"class":110},[80,778,779],{"class":82,"line":478},[80,780,754],{"class":86},[80,782,784,787],{"class":82,"line":783},10,[80,785,786],{"class":86},"  default",[80,788,735],{"class":110},[80,790,792,794,796,798,801],{"class":82,"line":791},11,[80,793,740],{"class":110},[80,795,115],{"class":114},[80,797,331],{"class":110},[80,799,800],{"class":334},"'Plat inconnu'",[80,802,338],{"class":110},[80,804,806],{"class":82,"line":805},12,[80,807,367],{"class":110},[54,809,810,811,814,815,818],{},"Chaque ",[25,812,813],{},"case"," finit par ",[25,816,817],{},"break",". Sans lui, l'exécution continue dans le cas suivant.",[10,820,822],{"id":821},"lopérateur-ternaire","L'opérateur ternaire",[54,824,825,826,829,830,36],{},"Pour choisir entre deux valeurs, le ",[58,827,828],{},"ternaire"," tient en une ligne : ",[25,831,832],{},"condition ? siVrai : siFaux",[71,834,836],{"className":73,"code":835,"language":75,"meta":76,"style":76},"const portions = 1\nconst mot = portions > 1 ? 'personnes' : 'personne'\nconsole.log(`Pour ${portions} ${mot}`)\n",[25,837,838,850,879],{"__ignoreMap":76},[80,839,840,842,845,847],{"class":82,"line":83},[80,841,87],{"class":86},[80,843,844],{"class":90}," portions",[80,846,94],{"class":86},[80,848,849],{"class":90}," 1\n",[80,851,852,854,857,859,862,864,867,870,873,876],{"class":82,"line":100},[80,853,87],{"class":86},[80,855,856],{"class":90}," mot",[80,858,94],{"class":86},[80,860,861],{"class":110}," portions ",[80,863,121],{"class":86},[80,865,866],{"class":90}," 1",[80,868,869],{"class":86}," ?",[80,871,872],{"class":334}," 'personnes'",[80,874,875],{"class":86}," :",[80,877,878],{"class":334}," 'personne'\n",[80,880,881,883,885,887,890,893,896,899,902],{"class":82,"line":107},[80,882,111],{"class":110},[80,884,115],{"class":114},[80,886,331],{"class":110},[80,888,889],{"class":334},"`Pour ${",[80,891,892],{"class":110},"portions",[80,894,895],{"class":334},"} ${",[80,897,898],{"class":110},"mot",[80,900,901],{"class":334},"}`",[80,903,338],{"class":110},[54,905,906,907,909],{},"Réserve-le aux cas simples. Au-delà, un ",[25,908,27],{}," est plus clair.",[10,911,913],{"id":912},"la-boucle-for","La boucle for",[54,915,56,916,919,920,922],{},[58,917,918],{},"boucle"," répète un bloc de code. La boucle ",[25,921,42],{}," convient quand tu sais combien de tours faire.",[71,924,926],{"className":73,"code":925,"language":75,"meta":76,"style":76},"for (let i = 1; i \u003C= 3; i++) {\n  console.log(`Étape ${i}`)\n}\n",[25,927,928,962,980],{"__ignoreMap":76},[80,929,930,932,935,938,941,944,946,949,951,954,957,960],{"class":82,"line":83},[80,931,42],{"class":86},[80,933,934],{"class":110}," (",[80,936,937],{"class":86},"let",[80,939,940],{"class":110}," i ",[80,942,943],{"class":86},"=",[80,945,866],{"class":90},[80,947,948],{"class":110},"; i ",[80,950,143],{"class":86},[80,952,953],{"class":90}," 3",[80,955,956],{"class":110},"; i",[80,958,959],{"class":86},"++",[80,961,321],{"class":110},[80,963,964,966,968,970,973,976,978],{"class":82,"line":100},[80,965,326],{"class":110},[80,967,115],{"class":114},[80,969,331],{"class":110},[80,971,972],{"class":334},"`Étape ${",[80,974,975],{"class":110},"i",[80,977,901],{"class":334},[80,979,338],{"class":110},[80,981,982],{"class":82,"line":107},[80,983,367],{"class":110},[54,985,986],{},"Entre parenthèses, trois parties séparées par des points-virgules :",[988,989,990,996,1002],"ol",{},[18,991,992,995],{},[25,993,994],{},"let i = 1"," : le départ, exécuté une fois.",[18,997,998,1001],{},[25,999,1000],{},"i \u003C= 3"," : la condition, testée avant chaque tour.",[18,1003,1004,1007],{},[25,1005,1006],{},"i++"," : l'incrément, qui ajoute 1 après chaque tour.",[10,1009,1011],{"id":1010},"while-et-forof","while et for...of",[54,1013,1014,1015,1017],{},"La boucle ",[25,1016,45],{}," tourne tant que sa condition est vraie.",[71,1019,1021],{"className":73,"code":1020,"language":75,"meta":76,"style":76},"let pate = 0\n\nwhile (pate \u003C 3) {\n  pate++\n  console.log(`Pétrissage numéro ${pate}`)\n}\n",[25,1022,1023,1035,1039,1052,1060,1078],{"__ignoreMap":76},[80,1024,1025,1027,1030,1032],{"class":82,"line":83},[80,1026,937],{"class":86},[80,1028,1029],{"class":110}," pate ",[80,1031,943],{"class":86},[80,1033,1034],{"class":90}," 0\n",[80,1036,1037],{"class":82,"line":100},[80,1038,104],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":103},[80,1040,1041,1043,1046,1048,1050],{"class":82,"line":107},[80,1042,45],{"class":86},[80,1044,1045],{"class":110}," (pate ",[80,1047,238],{"class":86},[80,1049,953],{"class":90},[80,1051,321],{"class":110},[80,1053,1054,1057],{"class":82,"line":134},[80,1055,1056],{"class":110},"  pate",[80,1058,1059],{"class":86},"++\n",[80,1061,1062,1064,1066,1068,1071,1074,1076],{"class":82,"line":155},[80,1063,326],{"class":110},[80,1065,115],{"class":114},[80,1067,331],{"class":110},[80,1069,1070],{"class":334},"`Pétrissage numéro ${",[80,1072,1073],{"class":110},"pate",[80,1075,901],{"class":334},[80,1077,338],{"class":110},[80,1079,1080],{"class":82,"line":175},[80,1081,367],{"class":110},[54,1083,1084,1085,1087,1088,1091],{},"Pour parcourir les éléments d'une liste, ",[25,1086,48],{}," est le plus simple. 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Vérifie que quelque chose change à chaque tour.",[10,1169,1171],{"id":1170},"break-et-continue","break et continue",[54,1173,1174,1176,1177,1180],{},[25,1175,817],{}," quitte la boucle immédiatement. ",[25,1178,1179],{},"continue"," saute au tour suivant.",[71,1182,1184],{"className":73,"code":1183,"language":75,"meta":76,"style":76},"for (const ingredient of ['farine', 'sel', 'lait']) {\n  if (ingredient === 'sel') continue\n  console.log(ingredient)\n}\n",[25,1185,1186,1214,1233,1241],{"__ignoreMap":76},[80,1187,1188,1190,1192,1194,1196,1198,1200,1202,1204,1207,1209,1211],{"class":82,"line":83},[80,1189,42],{"class":86},[80,1191,934],{"class":110},[80,1193,87],{"class":86},[80,1195,1139],{"class":90},[80,1197,1142],{"class":86},[80,1199,1108],{"class":110},[80,1201,1111],{"class":334},[80,1203,28],{"class":110},[80,1205,1206],{"class":334},"'sel'",[80,1208,28],{"class":110},[80,1210,1121],{"class":334},[80,1212,1213],{"class":110},"]) {\n",[80,1215,1216,1219,1222,1224,1227,1230],{"class":82,"line":100},[80,1217,1218],{"class":86},"  if",[80,1220,1221],{"class":110}," (ingredient ",[80,1223,164],{"class":86},[80,1225,1226],{"class":334}," 'sel'",[80,1228,1229],{"class":110},") 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